Guard dog
From BPSBR_Wiki
A guard dog, an attack dog or watch dog is a dog used to guard against, and watch for, unwanted or unexpected people or animals. The dog is discriminating so that it does not annoy or attack familiar people.<ref>{{
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Contents |
Barking
Both guard dogs and watchdogs bark loudly to alert their owners of an intruder's presence and scare away the intruder. The watch dog's function ends here; a guard dog is capable of attacking or restraining the intruder. For example, livestock guardian dogs are often large enough and strong enough to attack and drive away livestock predator such as wolves. Some breeds (such as Keeshonden) are excellent watchdogs but not excellent guard dogs because they bark loudly to alert their masters of intruders but are not given to assertive behavior. Similarly, even very small but attentive dogs (among a few other species) may function well as watchdogs.
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- Miniature schnauzer
- West Highland white terrier
- Scottish terrier
- Australian Shepherd
- Doberman pinscher
- German shepherd
- Rottweiler
If the risk is from human intruders, a suitable dog can be simply trained to be aggressive towards unrecognized humans and then tethered or enclosed unsupervised in an area the owner wishes to protect when he is not around (such as at night); the stereotypical "junkyard dog" is a common example of this. Other guard dogs intended for police or more supervised work are trained to bite, restrain and release an intruder only on the specific commands of its handler—as in Schutzhund or K9 Pro Sports training.
Breeds
File:Dobermann.jpg
Breeds like this Doberman were specifically bred for guard duty.
Many of the now prominent guardian breeds such as Rottweilers started as farm dogs types but then developed over many years into guard breeds. Some breeds, such as the Weimaraner and Rhodesian Ridgeback, were originally bred for hunting, but their large intimidating look and territorial instincts have helped them evolve into guard dogs in today's society. Others like Dobermans were specifically bred as guard dogs. Many of the below breeds have a greater amount of molossoid or mastiff DNA. This is confirmed by a DNA study done on >270 pure breed dogs. The study suggests that in the distant past thirteen ancient breeds broke off early on after which a group of mastiff style dogs were developed.<ref name="sciencemag">"Genetic Structure of the Purebred Domestic Dog" Science, 21 May 2004: Vol. 304. no. 5674, pp. 1160 - 1164. http://intl.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/304/5674/1160?ck=nck (Subscription required) Note: pay special attention to Figure 3 of the study.</ref>
These dogs are grouped with the mastiffs Great Dane and Irish wolfhound. The Irish wolfhound (a traditional hunting guardian breed) has evidence that its population was nearly wiped out 200 years ago and its existing members descend from a very small group of dogs and thus it is a rebuilt breed, but evidently out of somewhat different building blocks.<ref name="nature">"Genome sequence, comparative analysis and haplotype structure of the domestic dog" Nature 438, 803-819 (8 December 2005) | doi:10.1038/nature04338 http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v438/n7069/full/nature04338.html</ref> Some people{{#switch:¬
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The St. Bernard is also somewhat different from the mastiffs and is not in the molossoid group;<ref name="sciencemag" /> however, the Swiss mountain dogs are. The Moscow Watchdog thus probably inherits its guarding ability not from the St. Bernard but from its other major contributor, the Caucasian Ovcharka (no evidence other than speculation and the known breed characteristics). Great Danes are odd because they are not in the molossoid group<ref name="sciencemag" /> and traditionally behaved as though they should be.
The original Saint Bernard was used for alpine rescue in the Saint Bernard Pass by the monks. An avalanche killed off many of the dogs used for breeding. The Saint Bernards had to be bred with larger dogs such as mastiffs, which give it the large size and the guard dog instinct that the Saint Bernard has today.
It is claimed that female dogs tend to make better personal guardians than males, due to maternal instincts, but males are considered better for guarding property because of their greater territorial instinct.<ref>{{
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- Shar Pei
- Sharr Mountain Dog (Macedonia)
- Tibetan Mastiff
List of other guard dog breeds
Note some are not AKC, UKC, recognized and a few are not FCI recognized, but all at least have their own breed club.
- Akita Inu (Japan)
- Alano Español (Spain)
- Argentine Dogo (Argentina)
- Australian Cattle Dog(Australia)
- Bandog (USA)
- Beauceron (France)
- Bouvier des Flandres (Belgium)
- Bull Terrier (England)
- Bully Kutta (Pakistan)
- Cão de Castro Laboreiro (Portugal)
- Canis Panther (USA)
- Caucasian Ovcharka (Georgia)
- Ciobănesc de Bucovina (Romania)
- Danish Broholmer (Denmark)
- Dogo Guatemalteco (Guatemala)
- Dutch Shepherd Dog (Netherlands)
- Fila Brasileiro (Brazil)
- Great Dane (Germany)
- Great Pyrenees (France)
- Greater Swiss Mountain Dog (Switzerland)
- Gull Dong (Pakistan)
- Gull Terr (Pakistan)
- Hovawart (Germany)
- Icelandic Sheepdog (Iceland)
- Karelian Bear Dog (Finland)
- Mioritic (Romania)
- Moscow Watchdog (Russia)
- Mucuchies (Venezuela)
- Neapolitan Mastiff (Italy)
- Perro de Presa Canario (Canary Islands)
- Pariah Dog (India)
- Perro de Presa Mallorquin (aka: Ca de Bou)
- Saint Bernard (Switzerland)
- Schipperke (Belgium)
- Shiloh Shepherd (USA)
- Swinford (USA)
- Tibetan Mastiff (Tibet, Mongolia)
- Weimaraner (Germany)
Rare breeds
- Antebellum Bulldog (USA)
- Black Russian Terrier (Russia)
- Boerboel (South Africa)
- Caucasian Ovcharka (Russia)
- Chippiparai (India)
- Combai (India)
- Formosan Mountain Dog (Taiwan)
- Jindo dog (South Korea)
- Kanni (India)
- Rajapalayam (dog) (India)
See also
References
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